This decrease appears to be the result, at least in part, of early detection by serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testingįollowed by aggressive treatment with curative intent of clinically localized disease, usually by either radical prostatectomy, Over the last two decades, the death rate from prostate cancer has decreased by ∼40% ( Klotz 2018).

Projected to occur in the United States in 2018 ( Siegel et al. Prostate cancer is the most common noncutaneous cancer in males in Western countries, with 150,000 new cases and ∼25,000 deaths Morphological and molecular pathological features of prostate cancer precursor lesions. Here, we review our current understanding of the That can be targeted for disease prevention, interception, or treatment. PIC lesions is not fully understood, this and other factors can confound the potential of identifying prostate precursors Masquerading as HGPIN-a state that we term “postinvasive intraepithelial carcinoma” (PIC).

Has suggested that some fraction of such lesions that are morphologically consistent with HGPIN may actually be invasive carcinomas Although there is significantĮvidence supporting the notion that such HGPIN lesions can give rise to invasive adenocarcinomas of the prostate, there areĪlso numerous complicating considerations and evidence that cloud the picture in many instances. The best-known candidate for suchĪ precursor lesion has been referred to as high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (HGPIN). A better understanding of the early stages of prostate cancer initiation, potentially arising from precursor lesions, mayįuel development of powerful approaches for prostate cancer prevention or interception.

Sims 4 smoking mod cancer